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Chromatic Aberration, Field Curvature, Distortion, Astigmatism

This article is an introduction to different kinds of optical aberrations including Chromatic Aberration, Field Curvature, Distortion, and Astigmatism, the basic definition and the principle of, and how to correct these aberrations are explained in the text.

Harmonic Generation

This article explained what is harmonic generation (or frequency conversion), which is the result of the utilization of nonlinear optical effects, and other contents including type I, type II phase matching.

The Prospect and Advantages of Infrared Germanium(Ge) Optics

This article discussed the material properties of single-crystal germanium (Ge) and the prospect of infrared germanium optics(germanium windows, germanium lens, germanium domes) through stating and evaluating the advantages and drawbacks of Ge optics.

Categories of Optical Crystalline Birefringence Polarizers

An Optical Polarizer is an optical element that screens light and split it into two beams with a specific ratio according to its polarization state. This article unfolds a basic concept and working principles of different categories of birefringent crystal polarizers including Glan polarizers (Glan Thompson, Glan Taylor), Wollaston Polarizers, and Rochon Polarizers. In the text, we also introduced two kinds of optical parts related to polarization: Polarization Rotator and Depolarizer.

Germanium (Ge) Windows

This article first discussed the prospect and advantages of Germanium as Infrared optical components, including germanium windows, lenses, detectors, etc, and the fabrication method of single-crystal germanium to arrive at a more elaborate analysis of the merits and deflects of Germanium windows.

Lens Selection Guide

This article enumerated the different lens classifications including plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, double-convex lens, double-concave lens, meniscus lens, ball/half-ball lens, achromatic doublet lens, cylindrical plano-convex lens/plano-concave lens, rod lens, and aspheric lens, exploring their characteristics, and the appropriate context to use them.

BBO Crystals and Its Applications

This article describes the applications of BBO Crystals (beta barium borate crystals), including Optical Nonlinear Frequency Conversion (Harmonic Generation and OPA, OPO), Electro-optical Modulations (EOM), and Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC).

Spherical Lenses vs. Aspheric Lenses

This article is a comprehensive comparison between spherical lenses and aspheric lenses, where the advantages of both lens categories are listed and evaluated.

Optical Filters

The article describes the characteristics of different types of optical filters including absorptive filters, interference filters, polarization filters, bandpass filters, notched filters, dichroic filters, neutral density filters, laser line filters, explained their working principle, and stated the common applications of optical filters.

Scintillation Screens for X-ray Imaging

This article describes the working principle of scintillators, what exactly a scintillation screen is, their vital role in X-ray imaging, and the various scintillation materials employed in these screens.
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